Kuva mu 2005, amapine y’Ubushinwa ageze kuri miliyoni 250, arenga miliyoni 228 z’Amerika, bituma aba igihugu cya mbere ku isi gitanga amapine.
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa nabwo bwakoresheje amapine manini ku isi, ariko kandi bukora amapine menshi kandi yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.
Iterambere ry’isoko rishya ry’imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’umubare w’abatunze ibinyabiziga byatanze imbaraga zo guteza imbere inganda zipine.
Mu myaka yashize, imiterere mpuzamahanga y’amasosiyete y’ipine y’Ubushinwa, nayo yazamutse uko umwaka utashye.
Muri 2020 Global Tire Top 75 Urutonde rwateguwe n’ubucuruzi bw’amapine yo muri Amerika, hari inganda 28 mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa n’inganda 5 mu Bushinwa na Tayiwani kuri uru rutonde.
Muri bo, ku mugabane w'Ubushinwa ku mwanya wa mbere Zhongce Rubber, ku mwanya wa 10; ikurikirwa na Linglong Tire, iri ku mwanya wa 14.
Muri 2020, yibasiwe nimpamvu nyinshi nkingaruka zicyorezo gishya cyamakamba, intambara yubucuruzi hagati yUbushinwa na Amerika ndetse no guhindura inzego zubukungu, inganda zipine zihura n’ibibazo bikomeye bitigeze bibaho.
Nibyiza muri reberi karemano, reberi yubukorikori, ibikoresho bya skeleton nibindi biciro byingenzi byibikoresho fatizo birahagaze neza kandi kurwego rwo hasi, igipimo cy’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu gihugu cyiyongera, ihinduka ry’ivunjisha ryunganira ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, inganda z’ipine ubwazo kugira ngo zongere ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga guhanga udushya, guhanga udushya, gushingira kumajyambere yikoranabuhanga kugirango yongere umusaruro, kandi ukomeze kuzamura irushanwa mpuzamahanga mumapine yigenga.
Ku mbaraga zihuriweho n’inganda zose, ikibazo kibaye amahirwe, imikorere yubukungu yo gukira neza, intego nyamukuru yumusaruro n’isoko ninshingano zarangiye neza kuruta uko byari byitezwe.
Ishyirahamwe ry’Ubushinwa Rubber Inganda n’iperereza n’ubushakashatsi, mu 2020, ibigo 39 by’abanyamuryango b’amapine, kugira ngo umusaruro rusange w’inganda zingana na miliyari 186.571, byiyongereyeho 0.56%; kugera ku bicuruzwa byinjije miliyari 184.399, kugabanuka kwa 0,20%.
Umusaruro wuzuye w'ipine yo hanze ingana na miliyoni 485.85, kwiyongera kwa 3.15%. Muri byo, umusaruro w'ipine ya radiyo ingana na miliyoni 458.99, wiyongereyeho 2,94%; ibyuma byose bya radiyo ipine umusaruro wa miliyoni 115.53, wiyongereyeho 6,76%; igipimo cya radialisation ya 94.47%, igabanuka ryamanota 0,20.
Umwaka ushize, imishinga yavuzwe haruguru kugirango igere ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka miliyari 71.243, byagabanutseho 8.21%; igipimo cyoherezwa mu mahanga (agaciro) cya 38,63%, kugabanuka kw'amanota 3.37 ku ijana.
Kohereza amapine yohereza ibicuruzwa miliyoni 225.83, kugabanuka kwa 6.37%; muri yo miliyoni 217.86 z'amapine ya radiyo yoherejwe hanze, igabanuka rya 6.31%; igipimo cyo kohereza mu mahanga (ingano) ya 46.48%, igabanuka ry'amanota 4,73 ku ijana.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, ibigo 32 by’ingenzi, byabonye inyungu n’imisoro ingana na miliyari 10.668, byiyongereyeho 38,74%; inyungu yungutse ingana na miliyari 8.033, yiyongereyeho 59.07%; ibicuruzwa byinjiza amafaranga angana na 5.43%, kwiyongera kw'amanota 1.99. Ibicuruzwa byarangiye bibarirwa kuri miliyari 19.059, byagabanutseho 7.41%.
Kugeza ubu, iterambere ry’inganda z’ipine mu Bushinwa ryerekana cyane cyane ibi bikurikira:
(1) Iterambere ryinganda zimbere mu gihugu ziracyahari.
Inganda zipine ninganda zisanzwe zitunganya ibicuruzwa muguhindura no kuzamura, gushora imari, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, gukora cyane hamwe nubukungu bwibipimo bigaragara cyane.
Ugereranije n’ibindi bihugu n’uturere ku isi, umwanya w’isoko ry’imbere mu Bushinwa, bifasha guhuza ubukungu bw’ibipimo; urwego rwo hejuru no kumanuka rwinganda rwuzuye, rufasha kugenzura ibiciro niterambere; ibikoresho by'umurimo bifite ireme n'ubwinshi; politiki ya politiki yimbere mu gihugu irahamye, ifasha iterambere ryinganda nibindi byiza byingenzi nibisabwa.
(2) Kongera kwibanda ku nganda zipine.
Amasosiyete akora amapine mu Bushinwa ni menshi, ariko igipimo cyo gukora no kugurisha amasosiyete akora amapine muri rusange ni gito. Nka nganda zikora, ingaruka zingana ninganda zipine ziragaragara cyane, ingano ntoya yikigo itera kubura inyungu nini.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, gushyiramo amashami y’ibarurishamibare kugira ngo akurikirane uruganda rw’amapine, kuva kera abarenga 500 bagabanutse bagera kuri 230; binyuze muri CCC ibyemezo byumutekano byemeza uruganda rukora amapine, kuva hejuru ya 300 kugeza 225.
Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no kurushaho kwihutisha kwishyira hamwe, umutungo w’ibigo uteganijwe kurushaho kugabanywa neza, ibidukikije by’inganda muri rusange, ariko kandi bigana ku buryo bwiza bw’iterambere.
(3) Umuvuduko witerambere "Gusohoka" ukomeje kwihuta.
Mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete y’ipine y’Ubushinwa “asohoka” kugira ngo yihutishe umuvuduko, amasosiyete menshi yatangaje ko inganda zo mu mahanga cyangwa inganda nshya zo mu mahanga, bizamura imiterere y’isi.
Uruganda rwa Sailun Group Vietnam, Linglong Tire, CPU Rubber, Sen Kirin Tire, amapine abiri yipine uruganda rwa Tayilande, uruganda rwa Fulin Tire Maleziya, ubushobozi bwo gukora bwerekanye ko hasohotse imibare ibiri.
Uruganda rwa Guilun Vietnam, Jenerali Jiangsu na Poulin Chengshan Tayilande, uruganda rwa Linglong Tire Serbia rurimo kubakwa, uruganda rwa Zhaoqing Junhong Maleziya Kuantan, narwo rwatangiye gutangira.
(4) Icyatsi kibisi gisabwa.
Ingaruka yimodoka nipine kubidukikije, nukwitonda cyane. Kurugero, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi usaba ibyuka byangiza imyuka ya karuboni, amategeko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi yerekeranye no kurwanya amapine, PEACH n’andi mabwiriza agenga umusaruro w’icyatsi, kimwe n’ibisabwa kongera gukoresha amapine.
Ibi nibigezweho no kumasoko yinganda zikora, gushushanya ibicuruzwa nibikoresho fatizo, shyira imbere ibisabwa byiterambere byiterambere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2024